3D Printing
FDM, resin, slicing, materials, and design for additive manufacturing.
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First layer adhesion fixes 80% of FDM printing failures
If the first layer does not stick perfectly, the print will fail regardless of every other setting. Calibrate bed level until a 0.1mm feeler gauge drags slightly under the nozzle at all 4 corners and center. Clean the bed with IPA before every print. For PLA: bed temp 60°C, nozzle 200-210°C. For PETG: bed temp 80°C, nozzle 230-240°C. First layer speed at 50% of normal speed. First layer height at 0.28mm for a 0.4mm nozzle.
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PLA is not suitable for anything that sits in a car or direct sunlight
PLA glass transition temperature is 55-60°C. A car dashboard in summer reaches 70-90°C. PLA parts will warp, sag, and deform. For any application involving heat or UV exposure, use PETG (glass transition 80°C), ASA (100°C), or ABS (105°C). PETG is the easiest to print and the best general-purpose alternative to PLA when durability matters.
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